In 2018, the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE) introduced a set of compe-tencies for systems engineers in a framework structure that gives guidance as to the knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors important to systems engineering effectiveness at each of five “levels” of competence, ranging from awareness to expert. There are five categories of competencies: Core, Technical, Professional, Systems Engineering Management, and Integrating.
The purpose of this paper is to explore research-grounded gender-related differences in the INCOSE Professional Competencies and their implications for the ability of systems engineers of either gender to apply them in practice.