This paper investigates the interplay of human and technological elements performing functions within socio-technical systems. With rapid technological advancements, understanding the various possible human-technology configurations, and their unique implications, is crucial. This research proposes a conceptual schema to demarcate particular kinds of human-technology relationships, as it pertains to function allocation, and aims to guide system design and risk management. The Human-Technology Spectrum (HTS) framework considers a continuum of systemic risks, lifecycle management strategies, and evaluation processes, offering a valuable resource for engineers and designers. For each stage along the HTS, we provide examples and discuss function across types of sociotechnical systems. We conclude with a discussion on the importance of understanding the tradeoffs between humans versus technologies enacting system functions.